Pointers in Cpp with examples:
Pointers are very easy in C++. If we understand correctly we can play with the pointers, otherwise they will play with us. As a C++ developer, we have to know about the pointers.
When we define a variable, the memory allocated for that and that memory location have its address. That address can be accessed using & operator, which defines the address in the memory location.
Let us look into the following program, which will print the address of the variables defined:
The output of the above program is
What Are Pointers in c++?
A pointer is a variable whose value is the address of another variable.
The declaration of the pointer variable is:
Here, datatype is the pointer's base type; it must be a valid C++ type and Nameofvariable is the name of the pointer variable. The asterisk you used to declare a pointer is the same asterisk that you use for multiplication.
However, in this statement the asterisk is being used to designate a variable as a pointer. Let us see some of the valid pointer declaration:
int *ipInt; // pointer to an integer
double *dpDbl; // pointer to a double
float *fpFlt; // pointer to a float
char *chChar // pointer to character
The actual data type of the value of all pointers, whether integer, float, character, or otherwise, is the same, a long hexadecimal number that represents a memory address. The only difference between pointers of different data types is the data type of the variable or constant that the pointer points to.
How to use pointers in C++?
We should know the some important operations mentioned below:
Define a pointer variable
Assign the address of a variable to a pointer.
Access the value at the address available in the pointer variable.
This is done by using unary operator * that returns the value of the variable located at the address specified by its operand.
Let us see the below example.
Pointers are very easy in C++. If we understand correctly we can play with the pointers, otherwise they will play with us. As a C++ developer, we have to know about the pointers.
When we define a variable, the memory allocated for that and that memory location have its address. That address can be accessed using & operator, which defines the address in the memory location.
Let us look into the following program, which will print the address of the variables defined:
#include <iostream> using namespace std; int main(int nNumberofArgs, char* pszArgs[]) { int iVal1; char iVal2[10]; cout << "Address of iVal1 is: "; cout << &iVal1 << endl; cout << "Address of iVal2 is: "; cout << &iVal2 << endl; return 0; }
The output of the above program is
Address of iVal1 is: 0056EF20 Address of iVal2 is: 0056EF30
What Are Pointers in c++?
A pointer is a variable whose value is the address of another variable.
The declaration of the pointer variable is:
datatype *Nameofvariable
Here, datatype is the pointer's base type; it must be a valid C++ type and Nameofvariable is the name of the pointer variable. The asterisk you used to declare a pointer is the same asterisk that you use for multiplication.
However, in this statement the asterisk is being used to designate a variable as a pointer. Let us see some of the valid pointer declaration:
int *ipInt; // pointer to an integer
double *dpDbl; // pointer to a double
float *fpFlt; // pointer to a float
char *chChar // pointer to character
The actual data type of the value of all pointers, whether integer, float, character, or otherwise, is the same, a long hexadecimal number that represents a memory address. The only difference between pointers of different data types is the data type of the variable or constant that the pointer points to.
How to use pointers in C++?
We should know the some important operations mentioned below:
Define a pointer variable
Assign the address of a variable to a pointer.
Access the value at the address available in the pointer variable.
This is done by using unary operator * that returns the value of the variable located at the address specified by its operand.
Let us see the below example.
#include <iostream> using namespace std; int main(int nNumberofArgs, char* pszArgs[]) { int iVal = 20; // actual variable declaration. int *ipVal; // pointer variable ipVal = &iVal; // store address of iVal in pointer variable cout << "Value of iVal variable: "; cout << iVal << endl; // print the address stored in ipVal pointer variable cout << "Address stored in ipVal variable: "; cout << ipVal << endl; // access the value at the address available in pointer cout << "Value of *ipVal variable: "; cout << *ipVal << endl; return 0; }When the above code is compiled and executed, the output is as follows:
Value of iVal variable: 20 Address stored in ipVal variable: 0044EC2C Value of *ipVal variable: 20
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